ASPECTUAL-SEMANTIC FEATURES OF THE AUXILIARY VERBS “KAWƏL / KEDƏL” IN THE PASHTO LANGUAGE

Abstract

This article systematically analyzes the aspectual and semantic features of auxiliary verbs in the Pashto language. The study focuses on auxiliary verbs such as kawəl (“to do”) and kedəl (“to be”) and their role in complex verb constructions. Special attention is given to how these verbs express duration, completion, resultativeness, and modal meanings of actions. Using functional-semantic and typological approaches, the article explains the mechanisms by which the aspect category is expressed in Pashto.

Keywords

Pashto language, auxiliary verb, aspect, semantics, complex verb, perfective, imperfective.